So, you’ve been noticing a musty odor lately at work or home. You’ve also developed a rash, constant headaches, and watery eyes. What’s causing it? It could be mold. Mold and its spores are all around us. The primary types of mold include penicillium and Aspergillus. Other kinds of mold, like the type you see growing in your bathtub or shower, are generally harmless. Out of all the toxic molds, Black Toxic Mold is the most well-known because there have been so many cases of mold problems in houses, devastating the residents’ health.
Black Mold: Conditions, Causes, and Where it Grows
Black mold looks black or dark green. While growing, it has a distinctive shiny, slimy-looking surface. Dry, however, it can turn gray and powdery looking. There are other types that look similar, so the only way to confirm its toxicity is to have an expert check it under a microscope.
Black mold can develop wherever there is constant moisture from water damage, humidity, water leaks, condensation, water infiltration, or flooding. As a food source, mold needs substances high in cellulose and low in nitrogen to grow. And guess what? This means it can grow on most indoor building materials! However, an interesting fact is that its spores don’t stay airborne for long. The spores are much heavier than most others. In fact, even in houses with black toxic mold problems, you won’t often find it in the air. The spores are often carried inside instead, especially through flooding or on building materials during construction.
How to Remove Black Mold Safely by Yourself
The words “Black Mold” can stir all sorts of scary thoughts. Some people will not want to do anything, leaving it all to a professional – and that’s ok – and then you have others who want to do it all themselves. Is there a happy medium? The research I’ve done online all seem to have a commonality: If it’s over a 10′ spread, let the professional do it. (Let’s hope it’s not let go that long, and you have just a small area to do!)
Steps to Remove Black Mold
Have you determined the source of mold and repaired that? This is going to require a thorough mold inspection. Remember, mold needs moisture and a source of organic growth along with proper temperatures. If you don’t fix the leak in the shower, you will be right back at square One in no time! So, we begin with …
Step 1: The Preparation Phase
Gather the following items:
- Plastic sheets to cover door openings, windows, floors, and vents (the plastic needs to be at least 4 mm in thickness)
- A breathing respirator to cover your nose and mouth with HEPA cartridges. A dust mask is NOT sufficient to totally filter out the dangerous spores. You can purchase the respirator and cartridges at most home stores.
- Several spray bottles
- Paper towels or disposable rags
- General ammonia-free household cleaner
- Regular chlorine bleach
- Latex or rubber gloves and goggles
- A 1-cup measuring cup
- Buckets that can hold at least a gallon each
- Commercial grade HEPA vacuum. Do NOT use a home vacuum for this project; it is not designed for this type of work. If you need to, contact a local health dept. to find out where to rent a HEPA vacuum in your area.
- A dehumidifier fan will cause mold spores to be released.
Step 2: Mixing Phase
- Wearing gloves and goggles, mix the household cleaner and water in a bucket and transfer to one of the spray bottles. It’s safer to label the bottle as well.
- Do the same with your bleach and water (one cup to a gallon), and label that bottle as well.
- Pour clean rinse water into a third bottle (no bleach, no cleaner added)
Step 3: Application and Cleaning
Caution: The bleach solution is irritating and harmful to the skin, eyes and clothing. Avoid direct contact with the solution by wearing rubber gloves, respirator and goggles during the entire mixing and cleaning process.
Before you begin:
- Seal off the room from the rest of the house with the plastic and tape.
- Keep kids and animals OUT during the cleaning process
- Do not eat, drink, chew gum/tobacco, or smoke at any time during cleaning.
- Using a dehumidifier prior to, during and after the clean-up to keep areas dry and prevent mold from reoccurring.
Cleaning:
- Start spraying liberal amounts of the bleach solution on the mold. Wipe the affected area and allow it to sit for 15 minutes. Rinse the area with a damp towel using the clean water from the spray bottle and wipe.
- If you choose to use the household cleaner first, start from the top and work down. Change towels frequently. Discard the towels in a plastic bag. Rinse as described above.
- Repeat the above steps until all visible mold is gone. Note: There may be some discoloration of the surface from both the mold and the cleaning solution. Take care to avoid damaging the surface by cleaning too hard.
Once Complete:
- Once the area you’ve cleaned is dry to the touch, HEPA vac for at least 1 minute per square foot of the affected area. Dead mold and spores can still be highly allergic to sensitive individuals, so thorough vacuuming is necessary to remove all mold fragments.
- Place the vacuum bag and all cleaning rags/towels in a garbage bag and dispose of it as you would everyday garbage. Tie the bag top tight.
- Flush the wastewater down a toilet, utility sink, or floor drain.
- Change out of your cleaning clothes and wash them separately from the family laundry.
- Wash your face and hands thoroughly.
At this point, you can go ahead and paint once the walls are dry. Make sure to use water based paint because oil-based ones may encourage mold growth.
Keep in mind that items made of cloth, leather, paper, wood, and carpet are best disposed of. Unless they can be cleaned with hot water, they cannot be completely cleaned of mold. Items that have been wet for more than 2 days need to be taken outside and disposed of.
Final Step: Call Professionals
Bring in a certified professional to test for mold in your home. There are a lot of DIY testing kits on the market but steer clear. At-home testers are not always reliable and often provide negative readings, even if you do have a problem with mold. Invest in this step with a quality professional who can properly identify the extent of infestation. If you don’t know of anyone in your area, call a reputable restoration company that is certified or who can recommend a professional.
Inhalation of mold spores cannot only cause respiratory issues but are immunosuppressive as well and cause a range of symptoms, including mental impairment and organ damage. DON’T TAKE CHANCES! If your mold professional determines that the mold problem is on the surface only, you can remove it yourself.
